“Dharma has five foundations: knowledge (jnana), love, justice, surrender (samarpan), and patience.”
Your question and all the rest are in vain; your question should rather be: who are you? If you come to know your own Self (Atman), then of their own accord the answers to all questions will be found. Every person is the manifest form of God (Ishwar), yet no one knows this.
Chapter 26 of 35 — 7 parts, 20 min in total.
Dharma is rendered as duty, righteousness, law, or the right way to live, and none of those is quite it. It is closer to the thing that holds a situation together — what a person in this role, at this moment, with these obligations, ought to do.
The Mahabharata's central difficulty is that dharma is not a fixed rulebook. Bhishma's vow is dharma; his silence in the assembly hall is adharma; both come from the same commitment. Yudhishthira is called Dharmaraja and still stakes his wife at dice. The epic keeps refusing to let dharma be simple.
Krishna is the one who repeatedly cuts through — sometimes with counsel, sometimes with actions the characters themselves find questionable. The Gita's closing instruction is not a rule but a release: set aside all other duties and take refuge in what is highest.